The concept can also be illustrated on the piano keyboard. A pitch class includes all the notes with the same name – for example pitch class C. All the pitches from a given C up to, but not including the next C, are in the same octave register. We say “C4” rather than just “C” when we want to identify middle C. Octave register designations allow us to name a specific pitch. Ledger lines are used to extend the range above and below the staff. ![]() The grand staff consists of two staves joined by a brace. The treble clef is normally used for higher pitches, and the bass clef is normally used for lower pitches. Pitches are named after the first seven letters of the alphabet, also called the musical alphabet, and are notated on a staff. Also, note that the order of sharps and flats is very specific and follows a definite pattern.Pitch refers to how high or low a note sounds. Note that each key signature will include either sharps or flats, but never both at the same time. The images below show the key signatures for all major keys in treble and bass clefs. For example, if a piece of music has a key signature of G major (which has one sharp), then every time there is an F written in the music, it should be played as F sharp. Using a key signature accomplishes two purposes: it indicates the key of the music, and it also takes the place of having to write every single accidental in front of notes. In written music, the key of a piece is represented by the key signature, which is a group of sharps or flats that are placed to the right of the clef. If a composition is based on the notes of an E flat major scale, it is in the key of E flat major. As mentioned on the page on tonality, most musical compositions gravitate toward one primary pitch, which is called the key of that piece of music.
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